My research focused on the conservation of red squirrels in South and West Wales, a species under threat from habitat loss and competition with the invasive grey squirrel. The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales is actively involved in preserving this native species, and my work contributes to understanding the dynamics between these two species in the region, particularly regarding habitat connectivity and competition.

Through a comprehensive literature review, I examined red squirrels’ habitat preferences and population dynamics, highlighting the importance of connected woodlands for their dispersal and gene flow. Studies showed that habitat fragmentation impacts males more severely, as they require larger territories. I also explored the behaviour and ecology of grey squirrels, especially their ability to invade red squirrel habitats, and how grey squirrel control efforts, such as the introduction of predators like pine martens, can help manage their populations. Urban environments were also discussed, revealing both opportunities and challenges for red squirrel survival in these areas.

In the empirical portion of my project, I used species distribution models to create maps showing the probability of red and grey squirrels occupying certain areas. These maps highlight key habitats and movement corridors, which can help guide ongoing conservation efforts. My analysis showed a positive trend in red squirrel sightings, with noticeable increases after 2020, potentially linked to reduced human activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. I also assessed the proposed windfarm’s potential impact, finding that it could create habitat fragmentation and disrupt red squirrel populations.

My findings, including the maps produced, contribute to conservation efforts by identifying priority areas for habitat connectivity and grey squirrel control, ensuring that management strategies are informed by both ecological research and real-world data.